Human Body System
1. Human Digestive System
a) Human digestive system process of digestion has many stages:1. The first of which starts in the mouth (oral cavity).
2. Digestion involves the breakdown of food into smaller and smaller components which can be absorbed and assimilated into the body.
3. The secretion of saliva helps to produce a bolus which can be swallowed in the oesophagus to pass down into the stomach.
4. Most of the digestion of food takes place in the small intestine.
5. Water and some minerals are reabsorbed back into the blood, in the colon of the large intestine.
6. The waste products of digestion are defecated from the anus via the rectum.
b) Liver generally stores fat soluble vitamins.
c) Saliva is acidic in nature.
d) Stomach is large muscular C-Shaped sac and located on left side in upper position of the abdominal cavity.
e) Pepsin enzyme digests protein into peptides.
f) Small intestine is generally 20 feet long while large intestine is 5 feet long.
2. Integumentary System
a) integumentary system is the organ system that protects the body from various kinds of damage, such as loss of water or abrasion from outside.The system comprises the skin, hair, scales, feathers, hooves, and nails.b) The integumentary system has a variety of functions; it may serve to waterproof, cushion, and protect the deeper tissues, excrete wastes, and regulate temperature, and is the attachment site for sensory receptors to detect pain, sensation, pressure, and temperature.
c) In most terrestrial vertebrates with significant exposure to sunlight, the integumentary system also provides for vitamin D synthesis.
d) Functions of the Integumentary System:
1. Protects the body's internal living tissues and organs
2. Protects against invasion by infectious organisms
3. Protects the body from dehydration
4. Protects the body against abrupt changes in temperature
5. Helps dispose of waste materials
6. Acts as a receptor for touch, pressure, pain, heat, and cold
7. Stores water and fat.
3. Respiratory System
a) Respiratory system is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for the process of respiration in an organism. The respiratory system is involved in the intake and exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between an organism and the environment.
b) Parts of the respiratory system
1. Lungs: lungs are the main organs of the respiratory system. In the lungs oxygen is taken into the body and carbon dioxide is breathed out. The red blood cells are responsible for picking up the oxygen in the lungs and carrying the oxygen to all the body cells that need it. The red blood cells drop off the oxygen to the body cells, then pick up the carbon dioxide which is a waste gas product produced by our cells. The red blood cells transport the carbon dioxide back to the lungs and we breathe it out when we exhale.
2. Trachea: The trachea is sometimes called the windpipe. The trachea filters the air we breathe and branches into the bronchi.
3. Bronchi: The bronchi are two air tubes that branch off of the trachea and carry air directly into the lungs.
4. Diaphragm: Breathing starts with a dome-shaped muscle at the bottom of the lungs called the diaphragm (DY-uh-fram). When you breathe in, the diaphragm contracts. When it contracts it flattens out and pulls downward. This movement enlarges the space that the lungs are in. This larger space pulls air into the lungs. When you breathe out, the diaphragm expands reducing the amount of space for the lungs and forcing air out. The diaphragm is the main muscle used in breathing.
c) Mantoux test is a highly specific test to diagnose TB.
d) Oncology is study of cancer
4. Circulatory System
a) Circulatory system is an organ system that permits blood to circulate and transport nutrients and blood cells to and from cells in the body to nourish it and help to fight diseases, stabilize body temperature and pH, and to maintain homeostasis.
b) Circulatory System is divided into three major parts: Heart, Blood and Blood Vessels.
c) Heart
1. Heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body and deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
2. In the human heart there are four chambers in total: left atrium, left ventricle, right atrium and right ventricle.
3. The blood that is returned to the right atrium is deoxygenated (poor in oxygen) and passed into the right ventricle to be pumped through the pulmonary artery to the lungs for re-oxygenation and removal of carbon dioxide. The left atrium receives newly oxygenated blood from the lungs as well as the pulmonary vein which is passed into the strong left ventricle to be pumped through the aorta to the different organs of the body.
d) The Blood
1. Blood is constantly flowing through our bodies.
2. Major component of Blood are:
i. Red Blood Cells: Red Blood Cells are responsible for carrying oxygen and carbon dioxide. Red Blood Cells pick up oxygen in the lungs and transport it to all the body cells. After delivering the oxygen to the cells it gathers up the carbon dioxide(a waste gas produced as our cells are working) and transports carbon dioxide back to the lungs where it is removed from the body when we exhale(breath out). There are about 5,000,000 Red Blood Cells in ONE drop of blood.
ii. White Blood Cells: White Blood Cells help the body fight off germs. White Blood Cells attack and destroy germs when they enter the body. When you have an infection your body will produce more White Blood Cells to help fight an infection. Sometimes our White Blood Cells need a little help and the Doctor will prescribe an antibiotic to help our White Blood Cells fight a large scale infection.
3. Platelets: Platelets are blood cells that help stop bleeding. In order to plug up the holes where the blood is leaking from the platelets start to stick to the opening of the damaged blood vessels. As the platelets stick to the opening of the damaged vessel they attract more platelets, fibers and other blood cells to help form a plug to seal the broken blood vessel. When the platelet plug is completely formed the wound stops bleeding.
4. Plasma: Plasma is the liquid part of the blood. Approximately half of your blood is made of plasma. The plasma carries the blood cells and other components throughout the body. Plasma is made in the liver.
e) Blood Vessels:
1. In class we talked about three types of blood vessels: Arteries, Capillaries, Veins:
2. Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygen rich blood AWAY from the heart. Remember, A A Arteries Away, A A Arteries Away, A A Arteries Away.
3. Capillaries are tiny blood vessels as thin or thinner than the hairs on your head. Capillaries connect arteries to veins.
4. Veins carry blood back toward your heart.
5. Nervous System
a) Nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord, sensory organs, and all of the nerves that connect these organs with the rest of the body.
b) Together, these organs are responsible for the control of the body and communication among its parts.
c) Nervous system consists of two main parts, the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS contains the brain and spinal cord. The PNS consists mainly of nerves, which are enclosed bundles of the long fibers or axons, that connect the CNS to every other part of the body.
6. Reproductive System
a) Reproductive system or genital system is a system of sex organs within an organism which work together for the purpose of sexual reproduction.
b) Many non-living substances such as fluids, hormones, and pheromones are also important accessories to the reproductive system.
c) Human reproductive system usually involves internal fertilization by sexual intercourse. During this process, the male inserts his erect penis into the female's vagina until he ejaculates semen, which contains sperm.
d) Male reproductive organs work together to produce, store, and deliver the male gametes (sperm cells) during sexual intercourse to fertilize ova (eggs cells) in the female reproductive system. In addition, the testes produce the hormone testosterone, which provides all of the male secondary sex characteristics evident in adult males. Testosterone in turn promotes the growth and development of the male reproductive organs needed to produce sperm.
e) Female reproductive system includes the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, vulva, mammary glands and breasts. These organs are involved in the production and transportation of gametes and the production of sex hormones. The female reproductive system also facilitates the fertilization of ova by sperm and supports the development of offspring during pregnancy and infancy.
7. Sensory Organs:
a) A sensory organ includes eyes, ears, tongue, skin, and nose which help to protect the body. The human sense organs contain receptors that relay information through sensory neurons to the appropriate places within the nervous system
b) The Five Sensory organs are following:
1. Sense of touch: Sensory organs=Skin
2. Sense of smell: Sensory organs=Nose
3. Sense of taste: Sensory organs=Tongue
4. Sense of sight: Sensory organs=Eye
5. Sense of hearing: Sensory organs=Ear
Tags: Human body system full informtion in hindi, make money in hindi, parts of body, how to make money in hindi, 9apps, paise kaise kamaye, 10 facts about body, body groth, weather report, weather forecast, love quotes in hindi.
Realeted tags: Human body system facts, 10 facts about body, 10 facts about sex, 10 facts about woman, 10 faacts about tajmahal, 10 facts about man, 10 facts about girl, 5 facts about computer, 5 facts about google, 5 facts about youtube, how to earn money by youtube, google se paise kaise kamaye.
EmoticonEmoticon